Laser beam-resistance seam welding (LB-RSW) experiments of 5754 aluminum alloy with 1.4 mm thickness were carried out with LB-RSW system consisting of multi-functional RSW machine, laser and laser welding robot. Meanwhile, the shaping, microstructure and mechanical property of the lap-joint were studied systematically. In the case of the same laser power, the weld surface shaping condition of LB-RSW joint is superior to that of single laser beam welding (LBW), and greater weld penetration depth and tensile shear load are obtained by LB-RSW comparing with LBW, which appears that the LB-RSW technique improves the machining ability for aluminum alloy. With RSW current increasing, both width and depth of the weld increase, and the tensile shear load also increases except for the condition of v=1.5 m/min and I=8 kA. In addition, the microstructures of welds achieved by LB-RSW and LBW are both composed of columnar dendritic grains near fusion line and coaxial dendritic grains in the weld center. However, the grains in the weld center acquired by LB-RSW are finer than that acquired by LBW.