Advanced bio-patterned anodes for exceptional output in microbial fuel cells

Microbial Fuel Cells has not hit the industry due to the fact that the so-far claimed highest output of the anode has been far below the expected level, making scaling up difficult. The development of high-performance surface texturing of anode is paramount for improving bacterial interactions for enhanced power output. The present work explores high metal oxidation capability of A. ferroxidans to create microscale topographical cues on the anode surface that mimic natural substrates favorable for significant microbial adhesion. The metabolism of A. ferrooxidans on the anode surface promotes the oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ thereby generating micro/mesostructures with a relatively larger surface area (15.97 m2/g) and tuned surface roughness (1.108 mu m) that generates an extensive charge snaring spots specifically influencing the specific bacterial-electrode interfacial actions. The spatial distribution of redox mediators with bio-patterning plays a crucial role in facilitating efficient electron transfer generating multifold electrical output as high as 5.05 +/- 0.04 mW/cm2.