Performance and spray characteristics of fossil JET A-1 and bioJET fuel: A comprehensive review

The pursuit of bioJET fuels has intensified owing to the depletion of petroleum reserves and environmental degradation from fossil fuels. This study examines the physical and chemical attributes of bioJET fuels over fossil fuels. This study evaluated the sustainability of renewable aviation fuels over fossil jet fuels. The performance of jet engines fueled with fossil JET fuel, bioJET, and their blends was investigated. This bibliography covers research articles, reviews, book chapters, and conference proceedings between 2013 and 2024. BioJET fuels derived from biological feedstocks have lower sulfur content and reduced emissions (CO, CO2, and unburned hydrocarbons), offering a viable solution to mitigate the environmental impacts of aviation transport. Extensive engine testing and field trials with Jatropha Curcas and camelina renewable jet fuel blends have shown performance enhancements, improved ignition at cold temperatures, and lower fuel consumption. Biofuels derived from other sources, such as waste oil, demonstrate favourable properties, such as lower density and higher calorific value, which enhance engine efficiency. This study also established factors influencing combustion efficiency, including fuel stability and ignition properties. Harmonizing biofuel standards across countries, marginal land use, and increased incentives are suggestions for scaling up renewable aviation fuel production. Future research should focus on wood (sawdust, chips, and flakes) and algae as feedstocks in fuel production to reduce costs. Algae and wood-based feedstocks are renewable and available at a low price. Advanced biorefineries should also be promoted to increase fuel production, reduce waste, and manage resources. This technology favours multiple feedstocks in the production train.