RaDro: Indoor Drone Tracking Using Millimeter Wave Radar

Core to drone design is its ability to ascertain its location by utilizing onboard inertial sensors combined with GPS data.However, GPS is not always reachable, especially in challenging environments such as indoors. This paper proposes RaDro; asystem that leverages millimeter-waves (mmWave) to precisely localize and track drones in indoor environments. Unlikecommonly used alternative technologies, RaDro is cost-effective and can penetrate obstacles, a bonus in non-line-of-sight(NLoS) scenarios, which enhances its reliability for tracking objects in complex environments. It does this without the need fortags or anchors to be attached to the drone, achieving 3D tracking with just a single radar point, significantly streamlining thedeployment process. Comprehensive experiments are conducted in different scenarios to evaluate RaDro's performance. Theseinclude employing different drone models with different sizes to execute a range of aerial manoeuvres across different flightarenas, each with its own settings and clutter, and encountering various LoS and NLoS scenarios in dynamic environments.The experiments aimed to assess the capabilities of the system to extract coarse-grained and fine-grained information fordrone detection, motion recognition, and localization. The results showcase precise localization, achieving a50%reduction inlocalization error compared to the conventional baseline. This localization accuracy remains resilient even when confrontedwith interference from other moving sources. The results also demonstrate the system's ability to accurately localize dronesin NLoS scenarios where existing state-of-the-art optical technologies cannot work