Revolutionizing Automotive Technology: Unveiling the State of Vehicular Sensors and Biosensors

Vehicular sensors and biosensors have become integral to modern automotive technology, driving advancements in vehicle safety, performance optimization, and driver well-being. These technologies play a central role in the evolution of advanced driver assistance systems, autonomous vehicles, and vehicle health monitoring systems. This paper explores the development, applications, and challenges of vehicular sensors and biosensors, emphasizing their impact on transportation. It examines the historical context and evolution of these technologies, their role in monitoring environmental and internal vehicle parameters, and their contribution to assessing the driver's physiological state. The study focuses on sensor fusion, integrating data from multiple sensors for more accurate and comprehensive insights. It also addresses challenges related to accuracy, reliability, privacy, and environmental adaptability, proposing solutions such as advancements in sensor technology, improved data integration techniques, and robust privacy measures. Future research will focus on enhancing sensor performance and integration, incorporating machine learning and AI to refine data analysis and decision-making. This paper aims to provide a detailed analysis of the current and future landscape of vehicular sensors and biosensors, highlighting their essential role in advancing automotive technology and improving the driving experience.