An attempt has been made to improve the compressive and tensile strengths of concrete using a novel thermophilic anaerobic micro-organism derived from a hot spring at Bakreshwar, West Bengal, India, at different cell concentrations. Micro-organisms along with the media were mixed with the required amount of water and subsequently added to the dry concrete mix. A significant increase in the compressive and tensile strength of the concrete was observed at a particular cell concentration of such micro-organism. The improvement of strength can be attributed to the microbiologically-induced special growth/filler within the pores of the concrete matrix as indicated by scanning electron micrographs. Similar growth / filler was also noticed in the cement-sand mortar with micro-organisms. Certain limitations of the on-going research are described.