Through-the-thickness investigation of grain structure and microhardness of Ni-based and Mg-based laminated composites for dental applications

Nowadays, metal-based composites are utilized in medical applications such as dental implant, oral surgery, and dentistry. This work looks into the evolution of grain structure and hardness of Ni and Mg layers from the surface to the center of Ni-based and Mg-based laminated composites processed by eight cycles of accumulative roll bonding (ARB) technique. The findings showed a gradual decrease in grain size from the surface to the center of composites. Moreover, the lowest grain sizes of Ni and Mg were obtained when they were in the matrix of composites that were closer to rollers. Also, the hardness of layers grew by increasing the cycles. The layers closer to the surface of composites showed higher hardness. Nonetheless, the variations of hardness values were also observed because of the slicing and re-stacking of composites prior to each cycle.