A state-space fuzzy control model to enhance the lifespan of hybrid storage systems

Renewable energy sources have become a priority in developing electrical systems due to growing environmental concerns over fossil fuel-based energy and its consequences. Much emphasis has been paid to integrating green energies, especially wind and solar power, with energy storage systems in microgrids and electric car systems. The lifespan of a battery system (BS) is usually short due to irregular charging patterns and frequent deep discharging cycles. This study presents a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and energy management strategy (EMS) based on the designed state-space fuzzy control (SSFC) technique that uses a combination of state-space as an input to the fuzzy control to improve the HESS lifespan. The state space translates the system's digital computation, provides the allowance of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) into the system, gives zero state response to the system and describes the internal state of the system. The designed SSFC system is built to limit the degradation rates, equalize the state of charge (SoC), and monitor the temperature. Those factors are used to prolong the lifespan of the proposed hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and to improve energy management systems. The SSFC is simple to use with nonlinear and time-varying systems, and it offers a more comprehensive and precise representation of the behavior of the system. The system is modelled using MATLAB for coding and Simulink for system simulations. The comparison of the proposed SSFC, optimal, and fuzzy models show a considerable improvement in the parameters that affect the lifespan of the HESS. Therefore, this study can serve as a catalyst model for the optimal design and sizing of hybrid storage systems.