Simulation Analysis and Experimental Research on Wear Resistance of Bionic Plowshare

According to the data, wear and tear loss efficiency accounts for material and energy loss of 60% to 80%, and the annual wear and tear of steel accounts for 10% of the total amount of steel A, resulting in huge economic losses. Agricultural equipment in the work process can not be used normally often due to parts failure, which results from the contact of deep pine shovels, plowshares, and other typical soil contact parts with the soil and the wear and tear caused by the loss of a large proportion of efficiency. To solve the problems of poor abrasion resistance of traditional plowshare, short service life, and frequent replacement of parts during operation, the work aims to adopt the chlamys farreri flap as a bionic prototype, extract its surface geometric features, and apply the ridge geometrical structure features to the design of plowshares to reduce the wear, lower the resistance, and prolong the service life. Six kinds of plowshare specimens with different surface bionic ridge geometrical structures and three kinds of plowshare specimens with different ridge spacing under the same kind of bionic ridge geometrical structure were designed by UG three-dimensional modeling software. Nine groups of discrete element models were established by EDEM discrete element software to analyze the speed field of soil particle motion and the plowshare tillage resistance map, respectively. The surface bionic ridge geometrical structure design changed the flow direction of soil particles. When the direction of the bionic ridge was parallel to the direction of movement of soil particles, the amount of soil buildup decreased, and the required traction force lowered, thus improving the wear resistance. Among them, F-1 had the best abrasion resistance and the lowest average tillage resistance with an average tillage resistance value of 1 681.73 N. The soil particles in contact with the F-1-1 bionic surface in plowshare specimens with different bionic ridge spacing had the best distribution and trend of movement speed, the high-speed movement particles were concentrated in the tip and surface of the F-1-1, the soil particles had the smallest contact area and contact stress with its surface, and it was the best effect to improve the abrasion resistance performance. According to the styles and field tests, derived from field tests, F-1, F-2, and F-3 specimens had different degrees of improvement in wear resistance compared with the traditional plowshare and the wear resistance of F-1 increased by 9.92%. Under the same bionic ridge structure design, the F-1-1 specimen with 5 mm rib spacing had the best abrasion resistance, with 17.25% less abrasion compared to the traditional plowshare specimen. Reasonable surface bionic ridge geometrical structure design can significantly improve the wear resistance of the plowshare, providing a reference for the application of bionic technology in the direction of agricultural machinery. © 2024 Chongqing Wujiu Periodicals Press. All rights reserved.