The sustainable treatment of petroleum-derived produced water (PW), a significant byproduct of oil and gas extraction, presents a persistent problem due to the presence of organic pollutants. This study examines the potential of the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana (C. sorokiniana) for the bioremediation of dissolved organic pollutants in PW. The primary objectives were to evaluate the efficacy of C. sorokiniana in decreasing the levels of dissolved organic contaminants while examining its growth and survival in such a complex environment. The cultivation of C. sorokiniana in photobioreactors containing synthetic produced water (SPW), supplemented with synthetic municipal wastewater (SMW) to provide essential nutrients, was carried out under controlled laboratory conditions. Parameters such as biomass growth, lipid content, and the microalgae's capacity to metabolize organic compounds are monitored over time. The results indicate that, except for 100% PW, maximum biomass output after 16 days ranged from 733 to 1077 mg/L. Total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency increased with rising PW concentrations, peaking at 85% for 50% PW. The cultivation period resulted in substantial nitrogen and phosphorus removal from the enriched PW media, achieving a maximum nitrogen removal of 87% at 10% PW and a phosphorus removal of 98.5% at 40% PW. Lipid content ranged from 12 to 16% during this period. In conclusion, C. sorokiniana offers a promising and sustainable approach for the bioremediation of dissolved organic compounds in PW. This method provides an eco-friendly option to reduce the ecological impact associated with petroleum-derived PW.
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New Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Delanka-Pedige, Himali M. K.
Young, Robert B.
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New Mexico State Univ, Chem Anal & Instrumentat Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Young, Robert B.
Abutokaikah, Maha T.
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New Mexico State Univ, Chem Anal & Instrumentat Lab, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Abutokaikah, Maha T.
Chen, Lin
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New Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Chen, Lin
Wang, Huiyao
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New Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Wang, Huiyao
Imihamillage, Kanchana A. B. I.
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New Mexico State Univ, Dept Engn Technol & Surveying Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Imihamillage, Kanchana A. B. I.
Thimons, Sean
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Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Thimons, Sean
Jahne, Michael A.
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US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Jahne, Michael A.
Williams, Antony J.
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US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Williams, Antony J.
Zhang, Yanyan
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New Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
Zhang, Yanyan
Xu, Pei
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New Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USANew Mexico State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA
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Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, CanadaUniv Toronto Scarborough, Dept Hlth & Soc, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Scarborough, ON, Canada
Copes, Ray
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Frohlich, Katherine L.
Dokkie, Dean
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West Moberly First Nations, Moberly Lake, BC, CanadaUniv Toronto Scarborough, Dept Hlth & Soc, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Scarborough, ON, Canada
Dokkie, Dean
Juul, Sonje
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Univ Calgary, Cumming Sch Med, Community Hlth Sci, Calgary, AB, CanadaUniv Toronto Scarborough, Dept Hlth & Soc, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Scarborough, ON, Canada