Effect of carbonization temperatures on the synthesis of biocarbon from Borassus flabellifer fruit fiber for capacitive energy storage

Borassus flabellifer (Palmyra) fruit fiber (PFF) was extracted and converted into biocarbon materials at different carbonization temperatures of 400 degrees C, 600 degrees C, and 800 degrees C under N2 atmosphere for 1 h. The physicochemical properties of obtained biocarbon materials were investigated via CHNS, SEM-EDX, FTIR, RAMAN, XRD, BET-specific surface area, and TGA techniques. The obtained results were correlated with the capacitive energy storage application of biocarbon materials. The highest specific surface area of 46.36 m2 g-1 was observed for the biocarbon materials obtained at 800 degrees C, which also showed superior capacitive performances. The specific capacitances of PFF-derived biocarbon materials obtained at 400 degrees C, 600 degrees C, and 800 degrees C are respectively found to be 28.58, 37.07, and 45.76 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 employing 1M KOH as electrolyte. The biocarbon materials obtained at 800 degrees C showed the highest specific energy and power of 1.99 and 261 W kg-1 at 1 A g-1.