Challenges for the production of heavy rare earth elements from hard rocks

被引：0
作者：
Watanabe, Yasushi [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki
[2] Faculty of International Resource Sciences, Akita University, Mining Museum of Akita University, 28-2 Osawa, Tegata
来源：
International Journal of the Society of Material Engineering for Resources | 2014年 / 20卷 / 02期
关键词：
Alkaline rocks; Apatite; Heavy rare earth elements; Xenotime; Zirconium silicate;
D O I：
10.5188/ijsmer.20.113
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Heavy rare earth elements (HREE) have been produced from ion-adsorption type deposits in southern China. Despite extremely low REE grades (0.2-0.05wt.%) of the deposits, exploitation of REE from this deposit type is very competitive because REE are easily extracted from the ores by ammonium sulfate solution. For the purpose of producing HREE outside China, a variety of sources are examined. They are 1) ion adsorption deposits outside China, 2) HREE-rich carbonatites, 3) alkaline rock complexes, 4) sedimenthosted phosphates associated with uranium mineralization, 5) xenotime associated with tin granites, and 6) iron-oxide apatite deposits. The major challenges for the production of HREE from these hard rock deposits are mineral beneficiation, REE extraction and treatment of radioactivity. © 2014 Soc. Mater. Eng. Resour. Japan.
引用
收藏
页码：113 / 117
页数：4
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