Unveiling the potential of additives in optimizing halide perovskite solar cells performance and reliability

This overview delves into the crucial role of additives in bolstering the performance and robustness of Halide Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs). Categorizing both organic and inorganic additives, the study explores their substantial impact on enhancing the thermal and UV-light stability of PSCs. Various strategies such as solvent manipulation, doping, alloying, and nucleation control are discussed for optimizing the stability of PSCs. Additionally, focusing on improving hole and electron transporting layers, interface protections, and energy band configurations aids in augmenting the efficiency of PSCs. The employment of carbon electrodes and encapsulation techniques emerges as effective methods to bolster thermal stability in PSCs. Furthermore, a profound understanding of defect properties and interface materials is pivotal for augmenting the stability and durability of PSCs. The review encapsulates experimental methods, characterization techniques, and underlying mechanisms behind the additive-induced enhancements in PSCs. Moreover, the article addresses the challenges and future directions in utilizing inorganic additives to elevate the efficiency and stability of PSCs, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and proposing avenues for further advancements in the realm of inorganic additives for Halide Perovskite Solar Cells.