To determine factors affecting compost maturity and gaseous emissions during the rapid composting of kitchen waste, an orthogonal test was conducted with three factors: moisture content (MC) (55%, 60%, 65%), aeration rate (AR) (0.3,0.6 and 0.9 L·kg−1DM·min−1) and C/N ratio (21, 24, 27). The results showed that the importance of factors affecting compost maturity was: C/N > AR > MC, optimal conditions were: C/N of 24, AR of 0.3 L·kg−1DM·min−1and MC of 65%. For gaseous emissions, the sequence of essential factors affecting NH3 emissions was: C/N > MC > AR, and the optimal parameters for NH3 reduction were: C/N of 27, MC of 65%, and AR of L·kg−1DM·min−1. The important factors affecting N2O and H2S emissions are both: MC > C/N > AR, while their best parameters were different. The optimal parameters for N2O emission reduction were MC of 60%, AR of 0.3 L·kg−1DM·min−1 and C/N of 24, while these for H2S were MC of 55%, AR of 0.3 L·kg−1DM·min−1 and C/N of 21. The C/N mainly affected the compost maturity and AR further affected the maturity and pollutant gas emissions by influencing the temperature and O2 content. Considering comprehensively the maturity and gaseous reduction, the optimal control parameters were: MC of 60%–65%, AR of L·kg−1DM·min−1, and C/N of 24–27. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
