The acute shortage of hemodialysis cartridges in Russia, resulting from restrictions imposed by the European Union on the supply of high-tech equipment, has necessitated the development of domestically produced, cost-effective, and efficient hemodialysis membranes. In this study, experimental membranes based on polysulfone were developed and characterized. The effects of different pore-forming agents, polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, on the structure and transport properties of the membranes have been compared. A non-steady state one-dimensional mathematical model of urea dialysis was proposed, with a key feature being the consideration of the membrane's microheterogeneous structure. A comparison of the modeling results with experimental data on the time-dependent urea concentration in the dialysate compartment of the dialysis system indicates that the model accurately describes the system under study. A theoretical evaluation of the efficiency of the developed membrane material under conditions relevant to the hemodialysis process has been conducted, along with a comparison of urea removal performance with Nephral ST hemodialysis cartridges from Baxter, a company with a significant presence in the global market. The results have shown that the polysulfone-based membrane produced using polyvinylpyrrolidone demonstrates performance slightly inferior to that of commercially available cartridges, highlighting its potential for use in the production of hollow fiber membranes for hemodialysis cartridges.
