Exploring Button Designs for Mid-air Interaction in Virtual Reality: A Hexa-metric Evaluation of Key Representations and Multi-modal Cues

被引：18

作者：

Bermejo C. ^{[1
]}

Lee L.H. ^{[2
,3
]}

Chojecki P. ^{[4
]}

Przewozny D. ^{[4
]}

Hui P. ^{[1
,5
]}

机构：

[1] The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong

[2] Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute HHI, Berlin

来源：

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction | 2021年 / 5卷 / EICS期

基金：

芬兰科学院;

关键词：

button; key representation; mid-air; virtual reality;

D O I：

10.1145/3457141

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

The continued advancement in user interfaces comes to the era of virtual reality that requires a better understanding of how users will interact with 3D buttons in mid-air. Although virtual reality owns high levels of expressiveness and demonstrates the ability to simulate the daily objects in the physical environment, the most fundamental issue of designing virtual buttons is surprisingly ignored. To this end, this paper presents four variants of virtual buttons, considering two design dimensions of key representations and multi-modal cues (audio, visual, haptic). We conduct two multi-metric assessments to evaluate the four virtual variants and the baselines of physical variants. Our results indicate that the 3D-lookalike buttons help users with more refined and subtle mid-air interactions (i.e. lesser press depth) when haptic cues are available; while the users with 2D-lookalike buttons unintuitively achieve better keystroke performance than the 3D counterparts. We summarize the findings, and accordingly, suggest the design choices of virtual reality buttons among the two proposed design dimensions. © 2021 ACM.

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