Superior energy storage properties of BiFeO3 doped NaNbO3 antiferroelectric ceramics

NaNbO3 (NN)-based dielectric ceramics for energy storage have garnered significant interest due to their high saturation polarization, low residual polarization, and superior breakdown strength (Eb). However, the low recoverable energy storage density (Wrec) and efficiency (eta) significantly limited their practical application. Herein, BiFeO3 (BF) was incorporated into NN to optimize the energy storage performance. The NN-BF ceramics exhibited pronounced antiferroelectric (AFE) relaxor phase, alongside grain size reduction and E b enhancement, which contributed to a significant increase of W rec and eta . Specially, the optimum W rec of 4.43 J/cm3 and eta of 71.51 % were achieved at the composition of 0.9NN-0.1BF. Besides, stable energy storage performance was maintained over a wide temperature range (20-120 degrees C). These results highlight the potential of NN-BF relaxor AFE ceramics as promising candidates for high-performance energy storage applications.