Iron-coated nutshell waste bioadsorbents: Synthesis, phosphate remediation, and subsequent fertilizer application

被引：0

作者：

Tummala, Chandra M. ^{[1
]}

Dardona, Mohammed ^{[1
]}

Praneeth, Sai ^{[1
]}

Mohanty, Sanjay K. ^{[2
]}

Dittrich, Timothy M. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wayne State University, 5050 Anthony Wayne Dr., Detroit,MI,48202, United States

[2] Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles,CA,90095, United States

来源：

Environmental Research | 2024年 / 240卷

关键词：

Costs - Hematite - Morphology - Nutrients - Ores - Phosphate fertilizers - Phosphate minerals - Scanning electron microscopy - Surface morphology - Water;

D O I：

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学科分类号：

摘要：

The increasing incidence of freshwater nutrient pollution worldwide has highlighted the need for improved phosphate capture technologies. Successful phosphate recovery from agricultural sources and commercial wastewater can help prevent freshwater algal bloom contamination, while also reducing the dependency on finite phosphate reserves. Biodegradable biosorbents have the potential to remove phosphate from water; however, their potential as slow-release fertilizers has not been tested. Novel biosorbents were developed by coating pistachio and walnut shells with iron oxides; batch and column experiments were conducted to investigate their adsorption capacities and performances. Surface characterization studies were also conducted to investigate changes in the surface area and morphology. The potential of using iron-coated shells loaded with phosphorus as slow-release fertilizers was also evaluated. Advanced characterization techniques (scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) physisorption analysis, and x-ray diffraction) showed that hematite was successfully coated onto the surface, resulting in increased surface area and roughness. The iron-coated pistachio and walnut shell phosphate removal capacity was 12.63 mg g−1 and 9.25 mg g−1, respectively. The phosphate sorption data fitted well with the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics. Inner sphere complex formation, coprecipitation, diffusion, and electrostatic attraction were the main uptake mechanisms. Results from sequential release experiments with simulated pore water suggested both fast and slow desorption components. The Mehlich-3 extraction revealed that more than 90% of the released phosphate was available for plant uptake. In addition, nutrient priming showed that corn seed shoot growth increased by more than 43% when pretreated with phosphate-loaded biosorbents, demonstrating that the released phosphate could be used for plant growth. This research provides a pathway for two important zero-waste, cyclical economic goals: (1) the beneficial use of agricultural waste, and (2) a low-cost technology that can recover phosphorus from waste streams while potentially adding an additional unconventional phosphate source to apatite mineral ores. © 2023 Elsevier Inc.

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