In order to study the reinforcement effect and curing mechanism of F1 ionic soil stabilizer on the loess, different mixing ratios of F1 ionic soil stabilizer were used to reinforce the trial loess. The CBR values, expansion properties, strength parameters and the variation law of soil microstructure before and after curing of loess reinforced by the F1 ionic soil stabilizer were investigated using CBR test, triaxial compression test, SEM scanning and IPP6. 0 specific surface/micropore analysis software from the clay particle surface chemistry. The results show that F1 ionic soil stabilizer can reduce the thickness of bound water film on the surface of soil particles, reduce the distance (or volume) between soil particles, increase the gravitational force, and form a tighter arrangement and larger agglomerate laminated structure when crushed, thus reducing the percentage of pore area and morphological distribution dimension of soil particles, and increasing the adhesion strength, shear strength, compactness and stability between soil particles; after adding 0.3 L/m3 (optimum mixture ratio) of F1 ionic soil stabilizer into the trial loess, the friction angle and cohesion increased by 1.36 times and 2.47 times, respectively; F1 ionic soil stabilizer occupies the anion point on the surface of clay particles through ion exchange, which hinders the adsorption of water molecules and greatly reduces the swelling deformation; F1 ionic soil stabilizer has the advantages of green environment and good reinforcement effect, which has broad application prospects in loess filling projects. © 2021, Materials Review Magazine. All right reserved.