BTTAS: Blockchain-based Two-Level Transferable Authentication Scheme for V2I communication in VANET

The progress of the Intelligent Transport System has significantly enhanced vehicle communication with both other vehicles and Road Side Units. This has become crucial due to the necessity for highly accurate information transmission while vehicles operate at high speeds. Additionally, the escalating vehicle count demands heightened processing speed, minimized superfluous computation, reduced data transmission delays, and decentralized storage solutions. Therefore, the proposed work involves a Blockchain-based Two-level Transferable Authentication Scheme (BTTAS) for secure V2I communication in Vehicular ad hoc networks. Unlike existing approaches that rely on centralized frameworks, the suggested model establishes a distributed environment utilizing a Consortium Blockchain furnished with a dedicated communication channel, ensuring the utmost confidentiality. Furthermore, a two-tier transferable authentication mechanism effectively curtails extraneous computations on the vehicles' end. The Consortium Blockchain is implemented using the Hyperledger Fabric and its performance evaluation is conducted via Hyperledger Caliper. There is an ECC-based protocol for secure communication. The proposed work includes a ROR model-based Formal Analysis, simulation using the Scyther tool, and Informal Analysis. Additionally, by analyzing blockchain performance with different transaction volumes and rates, along with comparative analysis, the proposed work demonstrates enhanced effectiveness and security.