Distributed localization algorithm for wireless sensor network node with low complexity

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network system, which is composed of a large number of inexpensive micro sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area and formed in a self-organizing manner. The localization technology of nodes in wireless sensor networks is deeply discussed and studied in this paper. The traditional node localization algorithm uses the least square method to solve the nonlinear equations, which is easy to be affected by the ranging error. In order to meet the requirement of high precision localization of nodes and improve the localization accuracy of wireless sensor networks based on ranging technology, a particle swarm optimization based localization algorithm is proposed in this paper. The algorithm uses the distance information of anchor nodes received by unknown nodes, and searches the unknown node location by iterative method. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively avoid the influence of ranging error accumulation on the positioning accuracy and improve the positioning accuracy of the nodes.