Current Status and Prospects of High-Speed Direct-Drive Power Generation Technology

Turbine generators play a pivotal role in efficiently converting gas internal energy into electrical energy, finding extensive applications in diverse green energy and power equipment. The adoption of a high-speed direct-drive structure eliminates mechanical losses associated with the reducer between the turbine and generator, enhancing system efficiency and compactness. However, this configuration introduces challenges in design and manufacturing. This article explores the various application scenarios of high-speed direct-drive power generation systems, examining their roles in organic Rankine cycle power generation, gas turbine power generation, supercritical CO2 power generation, vehicle exhaust turbine power generation, and natural gas pressure reduction power generation. Considering the high-speed, high-pressure, high-temperature, and high-efficiency challenges in turbine power generation systems, the key technologies are reviewed including high-speed bearings, rotor dynamics, high-speed motors, high-frequency variable frequency technology, sealing technology, axial force adjustment, thermal management, turbine aerodynamic design, and system control strategies. The article further delves into the current research and development status of high-speed direct-drive power generation systems across different application scenarios. Finally, the article presents prospects for the future development of efficient, reliable and widely adaptable high-speed direct-drive generators, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field.