Energy efficient dynamic clustering algorithm based on geographical location for wireless sensor networks

One of the key problems for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is how to make the best of limited energy to prolong whole network lifetime. The conventional clustering method has the unique potential to be the framework for energy-conserving wireless sensor networks. In this paper, a novel energy efficient dynamic clustering algorithm based on geographical location information(EE-DC-GL)is proposed for WSNs. Comparing with other algorithms, EEDC-GL has two obvious features: First, it improves energy utility by changing the activity of wireless communication module of sensor nodes, energy model and state transition of sensor nodes. Second, EEDC-GL adopts the maximum ratio of residual energy and the square of distance between node and Sink to select cluster head in order to prolong network lifetime. Simulation results show that the performance of EEDC-GL is better than LEACH, EADEEG and PEGASIS algorithm for wireless sensor network with high-density deployment and low traffic.