Preparation of activated carbon with recycled ZnCl2 for maximizing utilization efficiency of the activating agent and minimizing generation of liquid waste

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作者：
Fan, Mengjiao [1 ]
Shao, Yuewen [1 ]
Wang, Yongqin [1 ]
Sun, Jing [1 ]
He, Huiru [1 ]
Jiang, Yuchen [1 ]
Zhang, Shu [2 ]
Wang, Yi [3 ]
Hu, Xun [1 ]
机构：
[1] School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan,250022, China
[2] College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu, Nanjing,210037, China
[3] State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
来源：
Chemical Engineering Journal | 1600年 / 500卷
关键词：
Post-treatment of activated carbon (AC); produced from activation with ZnCl2 via leaching AC with HCl; generates liquid waste (filtrate) containing ZnCl2 through the reaction (ZnO + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2O). The filtrate; in fact; might be reused for activating biomass again; as the recycled ZnCl2 is the same to fresh ones in composition. This minimizes discharge of liquid waste while enhances utilization efficiency of ZnCl2. Herein; the activation of lotus root and cotton fiber with recycled ZnCl2 from filtrate of first-round activation was conducted; aiming to assess feasibility of such a method for generating AC with minimized use of external ZnCl2. The results showed that activation with recycled ZnCl2 from filtrate was more effective for enhancing AC yield (48.7 % versus 33.5 % from activation with fresh ZnCl2) via promoting condensation of both sugar- and lignin-derivatives. The remarkable increase of AC yield was at expense of specific surface area (908.8 m2/g from activation with recycled ZnCl2 versus 1560 m2/g from fresh ZnCl2). Involvement of retained HCl and salts like KCl (originated from feedstock) from post-treatment changed reaction network in second-round activation; enhancing polymerization of aliphatic species with functionalities like –OH; −C–H and especially C[dbnd]O and merge of micropores to form more mesopores (19.0 % versus 8.5 %). Additionally; either fresh or recycled ZnCl2 could effectively induce structural re-construction of the ACs via generating flake-like or tangled fibrous structure via interparticle reactions. Nonetheless; the use of recycled ZnCl2 for activation exhibited lower environmental impact from least generation of liquid waste. © 2024 Elsevier B.V;
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