Formation of Crater on Cathode Surface in Vacuum Metal Vapor Arc

被引：0

作者：

Fu S. ^{[1
]}

Cao Y. ^{[1
]}

Li J. ^{[1
]}

Liu S. ^{[1
]}

Han Y. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Key Lab of Special Electric Machine and High Voltage Apparatus, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang

来源：

Gaodianya Jishu/High Voltage Engineering | 2020年 / 46卷 / 03期

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Cathode; Crater; Metal vapor; Molten metal pool; Vacuum arc;

D O I：

10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20200331011

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

The formation process of surface crater is affected by the different time and space distribution of the thermal flux and pressure on the cathode in the action of vacuum metal vapor arc. After taking the influence of surface tension and Marangoni into account, a transient 2D axially symmetric melting model has been developed to describe the thermodynamic behavior of molten metal on cathode surface and the formation of a crater. Moreover, the surface structure and initial time of metal vapor injection from the crater are obtained. In the process of metal phase transition, the deformation and temperature gradient in the center of molten metal pool are remarkable. Due to the Marangoni effect and the surface tension, the energy from the center of the molten metal on the cathode surface is transferred to the edge of the crater. At the edge of crater, the surface tension of the driving force is significant. As the temperature increases to the critical temperature, the new jet explosion point appears. The overburden layer of metal vapor density of 1025 m-3 on the surface of the crater is formed, in which distribution is related to the shape of the crater. By increasing the heat flux, reducing the external pressure and increasing the specified radius, the covering layer on the crater appears in advance. When the energy injected to the cathode is excessively low, the bottom of the crater is thick and the radius of the crater is small. Therefore, a dense metal vapor layer cannot be generated near the crater. © 2020, High Voltage Engineering Editorial Department of CEPRI. All right reserved.

引用

页码：843 / 851

页数：8

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