Provably secure and password-authenticated quantum key agreement protocol with dynamic basis

This paper presents password-authenticated quantum key agreement protocols (PAQKAPs) to guard security for internet era, which can combine classical cryptography and quantum cryptography in a universal way for the most common environment nowadays: Password. And PAQKAPs will guide in new directions for biometric-based with quantum cryptography, smart card-based with quantum cryptography and so on. Compared with the former research AQKDPs (authenticated quantum key distribution protocols), PAQKAPs have four merits: (1) the basis is dynamic against the long shared key revealed, (2) key agreement replaces key distribution for eliminating the server get the session key of the two users, (3) the server need not store the shared key with all the users, and the server only need keep its long secret key secret for saving storage space and avoiding verification table leakage, (4) any user need not store the shared key with the server, and s/he only keep the password in her/his brain. Compared with the related literatures recently, our proposed scheme can not only own high efficiency and unique functionality, but is also robust to various attacks and achieves perfect forward secrecy. Finally, we give the security proof and the comparison with the related works. © 2018, Ubiquitous International. All rights reserved.