Defensive polyketides produced by an abundant gastropod are candidate keystone molecules in estuarine ecology

被引:3
作者
Scesa, Paul [1 ]
Nguyen, Helen [2 ]
Weiss, Paige [2 ]
Rodriguez, Alejandra P. [2 ]
Garchow, Matthew [2 ]
Ohlemacher, Shannon I. [3 ,6 ]
Prappas, Evangelia [2 ]
Caplins, Serena A. [4 ]
Bewley, Carole A. [3 ]
Bohnert, Laine [5 ]
Zellmer, Amanda J. [5 ]
Wood, Eric M. [2 ]
Schmidt, Eric W. [1 ]
Krug, Patrick J. [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Utah, Dept Med Chem, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
[2] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA
[3] NIDDK, Lab Bioorgan Chem, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
[4] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA
[5] Occidental Coll, Dept Biol, 1600 Campus Rd, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA
[6] Gennao Bio, Princeton, NJ 08534 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
ALDERIA-MODESTA LOVEN; CHEMICAL DEFENSE; PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS; SPECIALIST HERBIVORES; MARINE; METABOLITES; COMPLEXITY; PREDATION; EVOLUTION; COMMUNITY;
D O I
10.1126/sciadv.adp8643
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Secondary metabolites often function as antipredator defenses, but when bioactive at low concentrations, their off-target effects on other organisms may be overlooked. Candidate "keystone molecules" are proposed to affect community structure and ecosystem functions, generally originating as defenses of primary producers; the broader effects of animal chemistry remain largely unexplored, however. Here, we characterize five previously unreported polyketides (alderenes A to E) biosynthesized by sea slugs reaching exceptional densities (up to 9000 slugs per square meter) in Northern Hemisphere estuaries. Alderenes comprise only 0.1% of slug wet weight, yet rendered live slugs or dead flesh unpalatable to three co-occurring consumers, making a potential food resource unavailable and redirecting energy flow in critical nursery habitat. Alderenes also displaced infauna from the upper sediment of the mudflat but attracted ovipositing snails. By altering communities, such compounds may have unexpected cascading effects on processes ranging from bioturbation to reproduction of species not obviously connected to the producing organisms, warranting greater attention by ecologists.
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页数:18
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