Mobility, bioavailability and ecological risk assessment of cadmium and chromium in soils contaminated by paper mill wastes

被引：15
作者：
Borah P. [1 ]
Singh P. [2 ]
Rangan L. [3 ]
Karak T. [4 ]
Mitra S. [5 ]
机构：
[1] Department of Environmental Science Tezpur University, Napaam, Sonitpur, 784028, Assam
[2] Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemicals, IARI, New Delhi
[3] Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, 781039, Assam
[4] Upper Assam Advisory Centre, Tea Research Association, Dikom, Dibrugarh, 786101, Assam
[5] Centre for Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Assam
来源：
Groundwater for Sustainable Development | 2018年 / 6卷
关键词：
Contamination factors; Heavy metals; Mobility factor; Paper mill waste; Pollution load index; Sequential extraction;
D O I：
10.1016/j.gsd.2018.01.002
中图分类号：
学科分类号：
摘要：
Contamination and associated risks posed by cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) were characterized in the soils being continuously exposed by paper mill waste discharge in Assam, India. Soil samples from 20 (S-1 to S-20) sites surrounding a paper mill were analyzed by sequential extraction technique for Cd and Cr to assess the potential mobility and bioavailability of these heavy metals in the soils. Cadmium was mostly found in its carbonate fraction (37.14%) whereas; Cr was mostly available in Fe-Mn oxide bound fraction (34.72%). Relatively low amounts of Cd and Cr were associated with the water soluble fractions. The pollution load index (Pi) values of Cd exceeded the maximum permissible limit i.e. 1 in all the sites but, for Cr it exceeded in all sites but S-7, S-13 and S-16. The mobility factor values ranged from 47.4% to 87.1% for Cd and 12.8–67.2% for Cr. High mobility factor values represent relatively higher biological availability in the soil samples and thus could pose environmental threats in the area surrounding the paper mill. The high values of other contamination factors, viz. individual and global contamination factors, potential ecological risk factor, ecological risk index and geo-accumulation index indicated that the studied area was widely polluted by Cd and Cr as a result of the effluents discharged from the paper mill. © 2018
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页码：189 / 199
页数：10
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