Modulation strategies of metal-organic framework materials and its adsorption performance on typical heavy metal ions

Metal-organic framework materials have the advantages of larger specific surface area, tunable pore and topological structures, and abundant active functional groups compared with traditional adsorbent materials, which can be used as high-performance adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal pollutants from water. In this paper, the structural characteristics of MOFs as adsorbents for water treatment were introduced. The regulatory strategies of MOFs based on metal node doping, side group functionalization and post-synthetic modification, such as porosity, surface activity, framework flexibility, water stability, scalability, biotoxicity and recyclability, were emphatically analyzed. Then, the research progress of MOFs in the removal of heavy metal ions was introduced, mainly on cationic heavy metal ions such as Pb(II) and Hg(II), and anionic oxyanions such as Cr(VI and As(III)/As(V) in water, and the mechanism of the action of MOFs in the removal of heavy metal ions in water was elaborated. Finally, the research directions of improving the water stability and adsorption performance of MOFs, balancing the relationship between the structural characteristics of MOFs, studying the migration and enrichment of MOFs in nature, and the controllable preparation of MOFs with low cost and high benefit were put forward for improving the reference of MOFs in the field of high-performance adsorption. © 2023 Chemical Industry Press. All rights reserved.