Genetic algorithm for DOA and parameter estimation based on signal phase-matching principle

To rapidly estimate DOA (direction of arrival) within the scope of 360 degrees using the signal phase-matching principle, we propose a genetic searching algorithm whose fitness function is designed by the energy function constructed from the least squares solution of the expected signal. Effects of the array element's number and the sequence length of FFT on the estimation accuracy of DOA were analyzed by Monte-Carlo experimented data under different signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). Computer simulation results show that this method can estimate DOA and parameters of the signal frequency synchronously. When only DOA is estimated, the evolution of twenty generations can execute this task with good accuracy in the case of 0 dB SNR, 8 array elements, 1024 FFT and 20 individuals in population.