Introduction: In recent time medical image processing and analysis became an essential component inclinical practice. Medical images contain huge data to process due to increased image resolution. Thesetasks are inherently parallel in nature, so they naturally fit to parallel processors like Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). In this work several commonly used image processing algorithms for 2-D and 3-D were evaluated regarding the computation performance increase using the GPUS and CPUs on a personal computer. For tested algorithms, GPU outperforms CPU from 1.1 to 422 times. © 2018 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.