The branching structures have been widely adopted in large scale building structures and landmark buildings. The main issue about branching structures is form-finding analysis. The iterative program of form-finding based on double element model was firstly proposed, and then validated using the results of existing literatures. The results indicate that the proposed method can be efficiently used for form-finding analysis of branching structures, and the components are only subjected to axial force after form-finding analysis. In light of this, the geometrical length of each component was also optimized for branching structures based on Euler's theory to guarantee its loading capacity, and the buckling capacity of branching structures was maximized. The results indicated that the sectional property and the effective length factor can be accurately considered and the proposed method is fully capable of form-finding analysis for spatial branching structures. © 2020, Editorial Office of Journal of Building Structures. All right reserved.