Pre-tension losses in cable bolts and their progress in time

Bolting and anchoring products are mostly pre-tensioned after their putting into the construction. Pre-tensioning force is a force with clearly defined size and direction and helps the construction to transfer loads. After pre-tensioning a cable bolt some pre-tension losses occur immediately after releasing the jack and other losses progress during their working time. These losses may occur due to the mechanical properties of the cable bolt and its structure itself, but also due to the properties of the surrounding rock mass. The article deals with the enumeration and description of individual losses in accordance with applicable legislation and their measurements both in the laboratory and in actual mining conditions. The comparison of calculated and measured losses and a brief overview of pre-tensionable bolting technology within OKD coal deep mines is a part of the content as well. The result of the tests is quantification of these types of pre-tension losses including proposals for their reduction. © 2020 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.