Graph Attention Residual Network Based Routing and Fault-Tolerant Scheduling Mechanism for Data Flow in Power Communication Network

For permanent faults (PF) in the power communication network (PCN), such as link interruptions, the timesensitive networking (TSN) relied on by PCN, typically employs spatial redundancy fault-tolerance methods to keep service stability and reliability, which often limits TSN scheduling performance in fault-free ideal states. So this paper proposes a graph attention residual network-based routing and fault-tolerant scheduling mechanism (GRFS) for data flow in PCN, which specifically includes a communication system architecture for integrated terminals based on a cyclic queuing and forwarding (CQF) model and fault recovery method, which reduces the impact of faults by simplified scheduling configurations of CQF and fault-tolerance of prioritizing the rerouting of faulty time-sensitive (TS) flows; considering that PF leading to changes in network topology is more appropriately solved by doing routing and time slot injection decisions hop-by-hop, and that reasonable network load can reduce the damage caused by PF and reserve resources for the rerouting of faulty TS flows, an optimization model for joint routing and scheduling is constructed with scheduling success rate as the objective, and with traffic latency and network load as constraints; to catch changes in TSN topology and traffic load, a D3QN algorithm based on a multi-head graph attention residual network (MGAR) is designed to solve the problem model, where the MGAR based encoder reconstructs the TSN status into feature embedding vectors, and a dueling network decoder performs decoding tasks on the reconstructed feature embedding vectors. Simulation results show that GRFS outperforms heuristic fault-tolerance algorithms and other benchmark schemes by approximately 10% in routing and scheduling success rate in ideal states and 5% in rerouting and rescheduling success rate in fault states.