Recent advances in MXene based intelligent sensing

MXene, a novel class of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides, has garnered significant interest for its exceptional electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and surface modification capabilities. The twodimensional structure of MXene, characterized by its atomic-level thickness, provides a large surface area and facilitates efficient charge transport, which is crucial for enhancing the sensitivity and response time of sensors. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the preparation techniques and intelligent sensing applications of MXenes. The preparation section discusses various etching methods, including fluorine-based techniques like HF etching, LiF + HCl, and mixed acids, as well as fluorine-free methods such as molten salt and electrochemical etching. The challenges of intercalation, stripping, and antioxidant strategies are critically analyzed. In terms of applications, the review examines the roles of MXenes in environmental testing, health monitoring, and humanmachine interaction, emphasizing innovations in temperature, humidity, and gas sensing, as well as wound healing and physiological signal monitoring. This synthesis of current research offers insights into the future potential and development of MXene-based technologies.