[1] Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London,SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
[2] École Supérieure d'Aménagement du Territoire et de Developpement Regional, And Centre de Recherche en Aménagement et Développement, Université Laval, Quebec City,G1V 0E6, Canada
[3] Centre for Transport Studies, Imperial College London, United Kingdom