Exploring the synergy of corporate gender diversity, sustainability committee, and reporting ESG practices: An international evidence

This study delves into how gender diversity on the corporate board shapes the reporting of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices. Besides, it examines the moderating role of a sustainability committee in the nexus between gender diversity and reporting of ESG practices. It analyzes an international sample of the S&P Global 1200 index from 2011 to 2022. The ESG reporting is based on the Refinitiv disclosure index of the firm ESG scores. The study utilizes various statistical models to provide precise empirical evidence, including fixed effects, a two-stage least squares (2SLS), and a generalized method of moments (GMM). The results demonstrate that disclosing ESG practices is a positive function of the percentages of corporate female board members and executive female directors. This suggests that companies with greater gender diversity disseminate more information about their ESG practices. Besides, a corporate sustainability committee strengthens the positive nexus between reporting ESG performance and corporate female board members and executive female directors. This underscores the moderating role of the sustainability committee in simplifying the nexus between gender diversity and reporting ESG practices. The results offer substantial implications for the leverage of gender diversity on ESG reporting. Policy-setters should actively support and promote greater corporate gender diversity, recognizing its pivotal role in fostering transparency. Additionally, a dedicated sustainability committee is crucial in enhancing the reporting of ESG performance and aligning business practices with sustainable development goals.