Evaluating Riyadh's smart city initiatives: insights from the IMD Smart City Index framework

This research article evaluates Riyadh's smart city initiatives using the IMD Smart City Index framework, identifying key strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement. The findings indicate that Riyadh excels in public safety, medical services, and digital connectivity, reflecting significant investments in these areas. However, the city faces challenges related to traffic congestion, air quality, and inclusiveness, highlighting the need for improved transportation solutions, stricter environmental regulations, and enhanced integration programs. To address these challenges, the study provides policy recommendations, including expanding digital infrastructure, improving public transportation, enhancing safety measures, promoting inclusivity, and increasing green spaces. Comparative analysis with leading smart cities, such as Singapore and Amsterdam, offers best practices that Riyadh can adopt. The study emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring and evaluation to ensure the effective implementation of smart city strategies, guiding policymakers and urban planners toward sustainable and inclusive urban development.