Sonar Array Diagnostic Approach via Acoustic Image Reconstruction

Active sonar plays an essential role in the development of the marine industry. The elements of the transmitting transducer array may be damaged due to prolonged use or harsh working conditions, causing a severe decline in performance. Due to the high complexity and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the reliable and nondestructive diagnosis of failed elements in the underwater environment is challenging. This article proposes the acoustic image reconstruction diagnostic methodology (AIRDM) aimed at diagnosing array element failures. The method collects multidirectional transmitted signals through one hydrophone to reconstruct the acoustic image of the array, and failed elements can be identified. In addition, a time-delay correction is incorporated to achieve diagnosis in the near-field condition, which extends the range of applications. The simulation and actual experiment results demonstrate that the AIRDM is more accurate and reliable at low SNR than the existing antenna field diagnostic methods. This study will effectively promote the reliable operation of linear transmitting arrays, such as sonar and antenna.