An early detection and prevention of wormhole attack using dynamic threshold value in VANET

In terms of applications and research, Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET) communication is becoming more popular. Existing VANET communication protocols try to improve network performance but fail to consider security issues. Attackers exploit the vulnerabilities of VANET communication protocols. Providing security to the VANET is still a challenging task because of the vehicle's mobility and the short communication range. As per the study, we found wormhole attacks to be the most severe of all VANET communication attacks. The existing security solutions are inadequate to detect or prevent the wormhole attacks on VANET communication. To address the wormhole attacks in VANET, in this paper, we proposed an Early Detection and Prevention of Wormhole Attacks using Dynamic Threshold (EDPWDT) System. In our proposed solution, we consider the vehicle's mobility, geographical location, neighbouring vehicles and distance parameters to isolate the wormhole attacker vehicles. For effective monitoring of wormhole attacks, we maintain dynamic threshold value using Long Short- Term Memory (LSTM) for suspected wormhole attack links and use the hop count metric to detect and prevent the wormhole attack. Our simulation proves that our proposed security solution outperforms ACO, PSO, and ML based solutions in terms of throughput, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and jitter in the hostile VANET environment. © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.