Frequency Control of Interlinked Microgrid System Using Fractional Order Controller

As renewable energy resource (RES) penetration levels increase within a grid, power networks become more vulnerable to low inertia issues. Additionally, the proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) has already made a substantial impact on grid dynamics. To ensure reliable frequency regulation in networked microgrid systems, this study introduces a fractional-order controller that integrates tilt- integral-d erivative with filter and hybrid fractional-order controllers into a unified entity. The proposed controller adeptly manages various disturbances and frequency control within interconnected microgrid systems, comprising renewable resources, energy storage units, and synchronous generators. Furthermore, the utilization of the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used for optimizing controller settings in microgrid systems. Existing EVs contribute additional functionality to interconnected microgrid systems. A case study is conducted considering installed photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines, and distributed EVs in a multi-area interconnected microgrid. Simulation results underscore the effectiveness of the proposed controller, demonstrating its superiority over existing controllers in the literature in terms of enhancing system dynamic performance.