Recent developments and trends of biosensors based on carbon nanotubes for biomedical diagnosis applications: A review

Biosensing platforms have become increasingly important in our daily lives due to their ability to provide real-time monitoring with low cost, high sensitivity, and specificity. Carbon nanotubes possess unique optical, electrical, and physical/chemical characteristics that can significantly enhance the electron transfer rate in biosensors, thereby improving sensing performance and enabling rapid detection of biochemical molecules and electrophysiological signals. Additionally, carbon nanotubes facilitate high-resolution imaging detection of cells and tissues. The bio-nano platform based on carbon nanotubes holds excellent potential for integrating diagnosis and treatment to achieve precision medicine goals. As a result, carbon nanotube-based biosensors are emerging as the most promising candidate for medical diagnostics. This paper reviews the synthesis of carbon nanotubes, their application in sensors for medical diagnosis, and their potential use in remediation therapy. Furthermore, it explores the existing limitations and future development trends of carbon nanotubes in the medical field. This interdisciplinary research offers abundant opportunities for researchers interested in carbon nanotube synthesis, medical diagnostics, and regenerative therapy. © 2023 The Author(s)