In situ polymerization of acrylamide on magnetic SnFe2O4/CeO2 nanocomposite: A novel adsorbent for removing various dyes

Environmental conservation requires effective, secure, and economical treatment options for dye-contaminated wastewater. The current study comprises a novel fabrication of tin ferrite/ceria/polyacrylamide magnetic and porous ternary nanocomposite. This occurs through crosslinking polymerization of acrylamide on the SnFe2O4/ CeO2 binary nanocomposite. The SnFe2O4/CeO2/PAM nanocomposite was comprehensively characterized using FTIR, TGA, XRD, TEM, VSM, EDX, SEM and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The ternary nanocomposite's efficiency as a novel adsorbent for anionic (direct violet 4, DV4) and cationic (bismarck brown r, BBR) azo dyes was investigated. A range of variables were studied to optimize the effectiveness of eliminating both dyes. In an acidic medium, DV4 removal was more efficient, whereas BBR removal was higher in an alkaline environment. Non-linear regression was employed to analyze adsorption kinetics and isotherm models, using three statistical error functions to determine the best-fit models. Adsorption data for both dyes demonstrated a good conformity with pseudo-second-order and Freundlich isotherm models. The dyes' adsorption was both endothermic and spontaneous. The nanocomposite displayed notable performance throughout five reuses. Moreover, the nanocomposite shows good adsorption efficiency for various dyes (congo red, acid blue 40, methyl green, and crystal violet) as well as DV4 and BBR. Therefore, it emerges as a promising adsorbent for wastewater purification.