Application of phytonanotechnology for modern sustainable green agriculture: Promising opportunities and scientific challenges

Agricultural systems are currently confronted with more severe environmental and production difficulties with the population increase and global climate change. The fundamental issue is maintaining ecological sustainability while ensuring food production safety. Modern sustainable green agriculture is now achievable with the development of phytonanotechnology, which are applied in plant protection and cultivation while anticipating phytopathogens and enhancing the immune system in advance. Furthermore, the application of phytonanotechnology in genetic engineering for enhancing the nutritional status and resiliency of plants, thus effectively improving crops and increasing agricultural yields. Moreover, the advantages of edible nano -coatings prepared by phytonanotechnology in post -harvest preservation of crops and other aspects are gradually emerging. And the green phytonanotechnology emphasizes the safety and environmental friendliness of the production process and products. This paper comprehensively reviews an overview of the main applications and most recent advancements of phytonanotechnology in agricultural systems. The economic advantages of phytonanomaterials are also investigated to demonstrate the potential for future widespread use of nanotechnology in agriculture.