Democracy: ideology or utopia?

In the last thirty years, from the end of the Cold War until today, there has been a change of cycle in most countries of the world: first there was a great advance and then there has been a great retreat of democratic regimes. To understand this phenomenon, two basic principles should be borne in mind: there is no single model of democracy and there is no historical process leading teleologically and irreversibly to its definitive realization and universal extension. Rather, there is an irresolvable tension between the ideological uses of democracy that consecrate it as already realized in order to block and degrade it, and the utopian uses that question it as not yet realized in order to transform and recreate it.