Exploration of lipid bilayer mechanical properties using molecular dynamics simulation

Important biological structures known for their exceptional mechanical qualities, lipid bilayers are essential to many cellular functions. Fluidity, elasticity, permeability, stiffness, tensile strength, compressibility, shear viscosity, line tension, and curvature elasticity are some of the fundamental characteristics affecting their behavior. The purpose of this review is to examine these characteristics in more detail by molecular dynamics simulation, elucidating their importance and the elements that lead to their appearance in lipid bilayers. Comprehending the mechanical characteristics of lipid bilayers is critical for creating medications, drug delivery systems, and biomaterials that interact with biological membranes because it allows one to understand how these materials respond to different stresses and deformations. The influence of mechanical characteristics on important lipid bilayer properties is examined in this review. The mechanical properties of lipid bilayers were clarified through the use of molecular dynamics simulation analysis techniques, including bilayer thickness, stress-strain analysis, lipid bilayer area compressibility, membrane bending rigidity, and time- or ensemble-averaged the area per lipid evaluation. We explain the significance of molecular dynamics simulation analysis methods, providing important new information about the stability and dynamic behavior of the bilayer. In the end, we hope to use molecular dynamics simulation to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties and behavior of lipid bilayers, laying the groundwork for further studies and applications. Taken together, careful investigation of these mechanical aspects deepens our understanding of the adaptive capacities and functional roles of lipid bilayers in biological environments.