Recent updates in the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted-isoxazole-5(4H)-ones and its activity: A review

Isoxazole-5-(4H)-one derivatives have garnered considerable attention owing to their wide range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, and antitumor properties. The multicomponent synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted-isoxazole-5-(4H)-ones has attracted significant interest in recent years due to its effectiveness and capability to produce various molecular libraries. This review presents a thorough summary of the recent advancements in the synthetic methodologies utilized for the synthesis of these heterocyclic compounds. Emphasis is placed on the various catalytic systems, reaction conditions, reaction medium, and substrate scopes that have been explored to optimize yields and selectivity. Additionally, the review discusses the biological activities associated with 3,4-disubstituted-isoxazole-5-(4H)-ones, highlighting their potential as therapeutic agents. The integration of green chemistry principles and sustainable methodologies in these synthetic processes is also examined, reflecting the ongoing efforts to develop environmentally benign chemical processes. Through a critical analysis of recent literature, this review aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers in the field of heterocyclic chemistry and drug discovery, fostering further innovation and application of these versatile compounds.