Factors and prediction model associated with resumption of social outings in stroke survivors 6 months after onset: a multicenter prospective study

Objectives: To identify factors associated with the resumption of social outings 6 months after stroke onset and develop a simple clinically practical prediction model. Materials and methods: Participants were recruited from first-ever stroke survivors admitted to three rehabilitation wards, and resumption of social outings 6 months after stroke onset was assessed using the Japanese version of the Frenchay Activities Index. The association of physical and cognitive functions with activities of daily living at admission to the rehabilitation ward and resumption of social outings 6 months after stroke onset was examined using logistic regression and decision trees. Results: Notably, 63.2% of the 57 stroke survivors who participated in this study had lower Frenchay Activities Index scores for social outings 6 months after stroke onset than before. Logistic regression analysis revealed that attention deficit and grooming on the Functional Independence Measure (FIM (TM)) were significantly associated with decreased social outing scores 6 months after stroke onset. A decision tree model was created to predict the resumption of social outings using the presence or absence of attention disorders and FIM (TM) grooming score (>2 or <= 2). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that attention deficit and beyond a certain level of independence in grooming (FIM (TM) >2) at admission to the rehabilitation ward are associated with recovery to the pre-stroke level of social outings 6 months after stroke onset. The decision tree created in this study holds promise as a simple model to predict the resumption of social outings among stroke survivors.