A High-Gain Millimeter-Wave Fabry-Perot Cavity Antenna With Phase Correction on a Meta-Ground Reflective Surface

This article introduces a novel design of a high-gain millimeter-wave Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC) antenna in the Ka-band. The proposed antenna features a simple structure consisting of a one-layer planar partially reflective surface (PRS) integrating Fresnel zone plate (FZP), and a one-layer planar meta-ground reflective surface (M-GRS) integrating with a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW)-based feeding source. We demonstrate a comprehensible approach to observing the amplitude and the phase distributions of the electric field on the FZP integrating with the PRS of the FPC. We suggest using multiple reflections of the waves between the PRS and the ground reflector of the FPC to distribute coherent electric fields on the radiating surface of the FZP such that a high-gain directive beam can be achieved in a thin-profile structure of the FPC. On the other hand, we propose the planar M-GRS to implement phase corrections similar to those for a spherical reflective surface of the FPC, thereby enhancing the bandwidth and gain of the FPC. After careful designs on the three-ring FZP integrated PRS and the M-GRS, the proposed FPC antenna yields a peak gain of 24 dBi at 27.7 GHz with 3-dB gain bandwidth ranging from 26.8 to 28.6 GHz. Its impedance bandwidth of 9.6% is from 26.8 to 29.5 GHz. The obtained result shows that this antenna has the potential for 5G wireless communications and satellite communications.