Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load and COVID-19 Vaccination in 4 Phase 3 Trials

被引：3

作者：

Janes, Holly ^{[1
]}

Fisher, Leigh H. ^{[1
]}

Kee, Jia Jin ^{[1
]}

Parameswaran, Lalitha ^{[2
]}

Goepfert, Paul A. ^{[3
]}

Falsey, Ann R. ^{[4
]}

Ludwig, James ^{[1
]}

Magaret, Craig A. ^{[1
]}

Gilbert, Peter B. ^{[1
]}

Kublin, James G. ^{[1
]}

Rouphael, Nadine ^{[5
]}

Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E. ^{[6
]}

El Sahly, Hana M. ^{[7
]}

Baden, Lindsey R. ^{[8
]}

Grinsztejn, Beatriz ^{[9
]}

Walsh, Stephen R. ^{[8
]}

Gray, Glenda E. ^{[10
]}

Kotloff, Karen L. ^{[11
]}

Gay, Cynthia L. ^{[12
]}

Greninger, Alexander L. ^{[13
]}

Tapia, Milagritos D. ^{[11
]}

Hammershaimb, E. Adrianne ^{[11
]}

Priddy, Frances H. ^{[14
]}

Green, Justin A. ^{[15
]}

Struyf, Frank ^{[16
]}

Dunkle, Lisa ^{[17
]}

Neuzil, Kathleen M. ^{[18
]}

Corey, Lawrence ^{[1
]}

Huang, Yunda ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Fred Hutchinson Canc Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Div, 1100 Fairview Ave N,Mail Stop M2-C200, Seattle, WA 98109 USA

[2] NYU, Langone Vaccine Ctr, Grossman Sch Med, New York, NY USA

[3] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Heersink Sch Med, Birmingham, AL USA

[4] Univ Rochester, Infect Dis Div, Rochester, NY USA

[5] Emory Univ, Hope Clin, Atlanta, GA USA

[6] Columbia Univ, Irving Med Ctr, Dept Med, New York, NY USA

[7] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX USA

[8] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA

[9] Oswaldo Cruz Fdn Fiocruz, Evandro Chagas Natl Inst Infect Dis, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[10] South African Med Res Council, Cape Town, South Africa

[11] Univ Maryland, Ctr Vaccine Dev & Global Hlth, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA

[12] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC USA

[13] Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Med Lab Med & Pathol, Seattle, WA USA

[14] Moderna Inc, Cambridge, MA USA

[15] AstraZeneca, Vaccines & Immune Therapies, BioPharmaceut Res & Dev, Cambridge, England

[16] Janssen Res & Dev, Beerse, Belgium

[17] Novavax Inc, Gaithersburg, MD USA

[18] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev & Global Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 2024年 / 230卷 / 06期

关键词：

COVID-19; vaccine; SARS-CoV-2 viral load; transmission; randomized trial; infectiousness;

D O I：

10.1093/infdis/jiae400

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines reduce severe disease and mortality and may lessen transmission, measured by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load (VL). Evaluating vaccine associations in VL at COVID-19 diagnosis in 4 phase 3 randomized, placebo-controlled vaccine trials, July 2020 to July 2021, VL reductions were 2.78 log10 copies/mL (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38-4.18; n = 60 placebo, 11 vaccine) and 2.12 log10 copies/mL (95% CI, 1.44-2.80; n = 594 placebo, 36 vaccine) for NVX-CoV2373 and mRNA-1273, respectively. Associations were not significant for AZD1222 (0.59 log10 copies/mL; 95% CI, -.19 to 1.36; n = 90 placebo, 78 vaccine) or Ad26.COV2.S (0.23 log10 copies/mL; 95% CI, -.01 to .47; n = 916 placebo, 424 vaccine). Thus, vaccines potentially decreased transmission when ancestral SARS-CoV-2 predominated.Clinical Trials Registration. NCT04470427, NCT04505722, NCT04516746, NCT04611802. Analyses of the initial phase 3 US government-funded COVID-19 vaccine trials reveals that first-generation COVID-19 vaccines may have decreased short-term transmission while the ancestral strain predominated.

引用

页码：1384 / 1389

页数：6

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